Inyuma yaho umukuru w’igihugu Evariste Ndayishimiye agabishirije abantu babika amahera yabo mumazu mumisi iheze avugako batayajanye mumabanki bazokwikangura umusi umwe yayahinduye ibipapuro, iryavuzwe ryaraye ritashe. Kuva kuwa 7 gushika kuwa 17 Ruheshi 2023 inoti zakera z’ibihumbu cumi(10000) n’iz’ibihumbi bitanu(5000) zitegerezwa kuba zajanywe mumabanki guhinduzwa. Igikorwa catunganijwe kuburyo amafaranga menshi atazoba arahindirwa hafatiwe kungingo zafashwe ziherekeza ingingo ya BRB.
Ibanki nkuru y’igihugu (BRB) yarafashe ingingo yo guhindura giturumbuka inoti za 10000 na 5000 kuburyo atawemerewe gushira kuri compte amafaranga arenga imiriyoni cumi kumunsi gushika igenekerezo rya 17 Ruheshi 2023, kutarenza ibihumbi 300 000 kubantu na 15 000 000 kumashirahamwe ariha hakoreshejwe ibanki kuyindi(Virement bancaire).
Ubushikiranganji bw’intwaro yo hagati nabwo bwarabujije abantu kurangura umwimbu w’abanyagihugu mur’ino misi eka n’izindi ngingo zitarinke zikaba zarafashwe.
Kuberiki izo ngingo zose zafashwe ?
Nk’uko ibanki nkuru yabishikirije mw’itangazo, hari amafaranga yasohora ariko ntisubire kuyabona muma banki be no mumashirahamwe yo kuziganya no kuguranana, ikavugako inoti za 10000 na 5000 zitakiboneka ivyo bigatera ingorane mu butunzi bw’igihugu nk’uko iryo tangazo ryo kuwa 7 Ruheshi rya BRB ribivuga.
Nkako abadandaza benshi ntibari bagikorana n’amabanki nk’uko amakuru ashikira ikinyamakuru Itara Burundi abivuga. Ivyo bikaba vyavuye kumvo zitanu tugira tubabwire :
- Amabanki hamwe n’amashirahamwe yo kuziganya no kuguranana bavugako atorohereza iterambere ry’abanywanyi babo hafatiwe kumwanya muremure ingurane zimara zitaraboneka hamwe n’ibisabwa bigora kuronka akenshi. Les banques et microfinances du Burundi ont construit un système qui freinerait le développement personnel des clients en octroyant des crédits très difficilement, à un taux très élevé et avec conditions inabordables par la majorité de la population. Certaine microfinance se comportent comme des banques jusqu’à détenir des sommes colossales sur leurs comptes alors que leurs clients s’appauvrissent au quotidien. Nos sources dénoncent les cas de Biravugwako amashirahamwe yo kuziganya no kuguranana nka MUTEC, CECAD, EDEN n’ayandi ko ashobora kuba afise ubutunzi budashiguritse akanashobora kuba arusha amafaranga amabanki. Niyo ingurane irize ibineka inyungu ni umurengera.
- Amashirahamwe amwamwe mpuzamakungu akorera mu Burundi yategetswe gukorera mu gisata c’iterambere aca arigisha abanyagihugu ukuntu boza barakorera hamwe bagatezanya imbere kuburyo bwihuta. Munyigisho abanyagihugu baronkejwe kandi bakiriko harimwo ivyitwa tontines, CIRC, Ibirimba, …amazina ni menshi y’ubwo buryo bwogihanahana amafaranga adaciye muri banki. Vyatumye abantu boroherwa kuronka ingurane , bagahana hana amafaranga atarinze guca mumabanki. Nk’uko yacu abandanya abivuga, hari hasigaye hariho ibirimba wasanga umuntu ashobora kuronka ingurana y’imiriyoni mirongo itanu (50 000 000FBU) vyoroshe akaba yayasubije mumezi atatu gusa kugira n’abandi bashikirwe. « Umuntu yashobora gushiramwo imiriyoni cumi agaca yiraramira, inyuma yamezi atatu yasanga yungutse izindi miriyoni indwi », isoko ryacu rikanavugako amabanki yarabimenye ariko agaca yanka kubika amafaranga y’ibirimba kw’itegeko rya BRB. Vyatumye amabanki adasubira kuronka abayasaba amadeni nk’uko vyahora.
- Ibizwi nka Banke Lambert navyo vyaratumye abantu badakorana n’amabanki: Abasoda baja mubutumwa hanze, abadandaza bamwe bamwe eka n’umuntu wese akeneye ingurane yihuta baca bitura abantu baguranira amafaranga kunyungu nini ariko vyoroshe. Kubera umuntu aba akeneye amafaranga vyihuta kandi amabanki nayo akaba atorohereza abashaka ingurane, abakora ivyo vya banke lambert baciye bikika mukiza, amabanki akabura abanywani artyo.
- Havugwa kandi ibihangange mu mugambwe uri kubutegetsi hamwe n’abadandaza bakorana boba baranyegeje amafaranga mumazu kugira ntibafatwe ngo bahanwe n’itegeko rihana abafise ubutunzi budasiguritse. Amasoko yacu akavugako hari umugwi w’abari begereye umuhisi Umukuru w’igihugu Petero Nkurunziza boba batorohewe mur’ino misi harimwo Alain Guillaume Bunyoni yahoze ari umushikiranganji wambere ari mumvuto boba baranyegeje amafaranga mumazu ndetse bamwe bikavugwa ko bayabitse no mumafaranga mvamakungu.
- Mubadakorana n’amabanki harimwo abatari bake batazi ivyiza birimwo kuko atanyigisho bigeze baronswa canke ngo babone abatungishijwe no gukorana n’amabanki. Abo rero harimwo n’abadandaza batobato hamwe n’abikorera ubundi buzi nko kurima, kwubaka n’ibindi. Bahitamwo kuyibikira ayandi bakayabika mukugura amatongo n’ibibanza akaba ariho bayabika aho kuyabika muri banki.
Mubavuganye n’ikinyamakuru Itara Burundi ntibahuriza kur’iyo ngingo yo guhindura amafaranga atari make ibipapuro. Bamwe bavugako umukuru w’igihugu Evariste Ndayishimiye yoba yabikoze kugira afate ubutegetsi neza mugusubiza hasi ibihangange vyasumvya mahera reta ico bavugako ari ciza mugihe abandi baneguye iyo ngingo bavugako ari ugukenesha abanyagihugu bagashira amakosa kuri reta yemerera amabanki n’amashirahamwe yo kuziganya no kuguranana injojo ariko ntitange amategeko yofasha kugira abantu baronke ingurane vyorosha kandi kunyungu ntonto nk’uko bikorwa mubihugu bikikuje uburundi aho umuntu ashobora kuronswa ingurane kunyjngu ya 2.5% kandi yatanze ingwati y’ikibanza kitubatswe.
Wewe uvyumva gute ?